viernes, 29 de junio de 2007

Las aves tambien corren peligro


Las aves descienden de los reptiles. Hace unos 200 millones de años, las escamas se desarrollaron en plumas, surgiendo de esta forma la primer ave. Se estima que existen alrededor de unas 9,700 especies diferentes en estos momentos.
Las aves que existen hoy en día se estudian en dos grupos básicos. Las que pueden volar y las que han perdido la habilidad de hacerlo. A estas últimas las llamamos rátidas o corredoras. Entre las rátidas tenemos el avestruz, los ñandúes, los casuarios y otros. Y junto con los pingüinos, se encuentran la gran mayoría del resto de las aves que conocemos.
Existen en nuestros país 17 especies de aves con poblaciones en peligro de extinción, pero hay 85 especies de aves catalogadas ya con poblaciones reducidas que anidan en nuestros campos. Son las aves uno de los grupos más expuestos a la actividad destructiva del hombre. Los incendios forestales destruyen su hábitat, aniquilan sus fuentes de alimentación, terminan con los árboles de donde colgar sus nidos, los humos hacen saltar a los polluelos antes del tiempo indicado. Los pesticidas envenenan las colonias de aves y su alimento, provocan la puesta de huevos muy frágiles que se quiebran durante la incubación. El comercio ilegal, la cacería, el saqueo de nidos, la captura de polluelos y su cautiverio ha puesto a muchas especies al borde de la desaparición.

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